Upregulation of the Kank1 gene inhibits human lung cancer progression in vitro and in vivo

Abstract

Kank1, an important member of the Kank gene family, plays an important role in the development of many malignant tumors. As a brand new tumor-suppressor gene, the expression of Kank1 gene has been revealed to be downregulated or absent in many malignant tumors. However, there is no study concerning the specific role of Kank1 in the development and progression of lung cancer. In the present study, we found that the Kankl gene was significantly downregulated in human lung cancer and lung cancer cells. When the Kankl gene was upregulated, we found that the proliferation of lung cancer cells was significantly inhibited, the cells were arrested in the G0/G1 phase, the apoptosis of cells was observed, the expression of the caspase family of genes was altered with mainly the activation of caspase-3 and -9, and Bcl-2/Bax ratio was significantly imbalanced. In addition, we also found that upregulation of the Kankl gene resulted in the inhibition of tumor cell invasion and metastasis. Concurrently, in vivo nude mice experiments also confirmed that upregulation of Kank1 expression led to reduced tumor formation in nude mice and significantly reduced tumor volume. These results revealed that upregulation of the Kankl gene inhibited the progression of lung cancer both in vitro and in vivo, and its mechanism was closely related to cell apoptosis as well as tumor invasion and metastasis.