From farm to fork: Global surveillance trends of animal-food-human antimicrobial resistance

Abstract

Objectives: Global surveillance measures keep trending with antimicrobial resistance (AMR) from farm to the final consumer. It is intended to review these trends within the past few decades. Materials and Methods: This short communication showcases AMR surveillance basics, methods, processes, technicalities and milestones within recent decades in relationship to AMR emergence from farm to fork. Results and Conclusions: Antibiotics and antimicrobial agents contribute to AMR dynamics. Passive and active AMR surveillance strategies continuously render data-driven robust systems for monitoring resistance levels and thereof changes across all geographical regions. TED