Estudo comparativo da resistência mecânica da força de compressão entre biomateriais naturais, sintéticos e mistos

Abstract

The orthopedic diseases with bone loss are the challenge in both veterinary and human medicine. Therefore, the orthopedist commonly deal with irreducible comminutedfractures of long bones, bone tumors or non-unions, which require repairers surgical procedures, through the segment replacement or bone defect filling with biomaterials. The aim of this research is to evaluate and compare the mechanical strength of natural,synthetic and mixed biomaterials. Seven experimental groups of six test samples eachwere used: Group 1 rabbit cortical bone (BONE - control); Group 2, bone cement (CO);Group 3, bone cement autoclaved (COA); Group 4, bone cement and dog cortical bonemacrofragment (COMaFO); Group 5, bone cement and bone autoclaved macrofragmentdog cortical (COMaFOA); Group 6, bone cement and dog cortical bone microfragment(COMIFO) and Group 7, bone cement and dog cortical bone microfragment (COMiFOA).The specimens were subjected to axial compression mechanical tests controlled universal testing machine EMIC(r). The test was stopped when there was sharp decline in thegraph curve indicating failure of the sample. In relation to the maximum force, the COAgroups COMaFOA and COMiFOA not statistically different from the control group (BONE;p> 0.01). Already the CO groups, COMaFO and COMIFO difeririram statistically the control group (BONE; p <0.01). The relative rigidity, the COMaFOA and COMiFOA groups didnot differ statistically from the control group (BONE; p>0.01). Already the CO groups, COA, COMaFO and COMIFO differed significantly from the control group (BONE; p<0.01). Comparing the deformation, the COMaFo groups COMaFOA and COMIFO not statisticallydifferent from the control group (BONE; p>0.01). Already the CO groups, COA and COMi- FOA differed significantly from the control group (BONE; p<0.01). It is concluded that only COMaFOA and COMiFOA groups showed very similar mechanical properties to thecontrol group (BONE). Therefore, due to these characteristics, these two biomaterials(COMaFOA e COMiFOA) would be the most suitable as a substitute in the repair of bonedefects.