Neurally Mediated Syncope Triggered by COVID-19 Nasopharyngeal Swab Specimen Collection: A Case Report

Abstract

There are few reports describing adverse events associated with nasopharyngeal swab specimen collection in patients tested for SARS-Cov-2 (COVID-19). Despite the lack of data, providers should be aware of complications associated with swab collection. Instances of nasopharyngeal swab as a syncope trigger are mostly anecdotal and not well described in the medical literature. We present a case of neural reflex mediated syncope associated with the nasopharyngeal swab specimen collection process in a healthy patient undergoing COVID-19 testing prior to elective surgery. This response may be mediated by the trigeminocardiac reflex or via glossopharyngeal nerve stimulation. Less invasive collection practices, such as saliva sampling, may be warranted, particularly in those predisposed to syncopal episodes.