The effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Cannabis Sativa on morphology and growth of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in rat

Abstract

Background: One of the most important issues in cellular therapies is the examination of stem cells in different conditions. Given the increasing use of herbal drugs and herbal medicines and the potential effects of herbs on various diseases, the study of stem cells in the mediums of these compounds seems to be necessary. Aims: The current paper was to evaluate the effect of cannabis sativa extract on morphology, growth and maintenance of the characteristics of rat bone marrow stem cells. Methods: In this study, rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were used. The effect of cannabis extract in different concentrations on cell morphology was investigated through microscopic observations and cytogenetic methods. In the context of the study of bioavailability and growth process, we used the mtt assay test and calculated the cell population doubling time and the growth curve plotting. Results: The results show that cannabis extract increases the proliferation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells compared to control group. Also, the effect of cannabis extract is dependent on its dose. The treated cells with a concentration of 100 ng / ml cannabis extract had the highest growth rate compared to control (P˂.050). Conclusion: Given the increasing impact of low doses of cannabis extract on the growth of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, it seems that the use of effective ingredients in this plant extract is beneficial for cell-therapeutic purposes in autoimmune diseases. On the other hand, higher doses cause cell death and an increase in apoptosis, so, in people consuming these substances, they will decrease the proliferation of stem cells due to increased concentration of substances in the body.