Case Report: Lesson Learned from Delayed Definitive Treatment of Stage 4 HIV Patient with Cerebral Toxoplasmosis – A Case Report

Abstract

Background: Cases of cerebral toxoplasmosis continue to burden people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). This surge in cases is primarily due to patients’ delayed definitive treatment, missed follow-up, and insufficient diagnostic equipment in some regions, particularly in developing countries such as Indonesia.Case Presentation: We report on a 35-year-old male referred to the emergency department with impairment in four extremities from a secondary healthcare facility. Specific atypical symptoms that mimicked subacute meningitis were identified during the physical examination. Internists, neurologists, and rehabilitation medicine professionals were associated with the management.Conclusion: We suggest that improved early diagnosis and treatment of HIV patients to prevent opportunistic infections, including cerebral toxoplasmosis, is needed, particularly in primary healthcare facilities in developing countries.