The role of counseling on modern contraceptive utilization among HIV positive women: The case of Northwest Ethiopia

Abstract

Background: Over 90% of the children with Human Immunodeficiency Virus are infected through the mother to child transmission process according to literatures. Preventing unintended pregnancy by using contraceptive methods is crucial for reducing maternal and child mortality and morbidity. Here we set out to assess the prevalence and associated factors of modern contraceptive utilization among sexually active reproductive age women attending Anti-Retroviral Therapy clinics in Amhara Region referral hospitals in 2016. Methods: An institution based cross sectional study was carried out from April to July 2016 surveying women of reproductive age attending the Anti-Retroviral Therapy clinics in the five Amhara Region referral hospitals. A pretested and semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data. EpiInfo7 and SPSS version 20 soft wares were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. Significant associations were identified on the basis of the adjusted odds ratio, with 95% Confidence Interval, and p value ≤0.05, was taken as statistically significant. Result: The proportion of women utilizing modern contraceptives was 47.7% with (95% CI: 43, 52.5%), the male condom being the most (64.2%) utilized method. The use of the contraceptive methods was most prevalent among women 15-24 years of age (AOR = 6.5, 95% CI: 2-10) and age of 25-34 (AOR = 3, 95% CI: 1.6-5.5), having an urban residence (AOR = 0.095, 95% CI: 0.03-0.28), having discussed contraceptives with partner (AOR = 7, 95% CI: 5.3-11.9), receiving counseling from health care providers (AOR = 4.8, 95% CI: 1.8-7), previous history of contraceptive utilization (AOR = 5.6, 95% CI: 2.6-8.3), and with CD4 count >500mm 3 /dl (AOR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.3-4.3). Conclusion: The proportion of women utilizing contraceptive has been low in Amhara Region referral hospitals. Encouraging patients to discuss about contraception with partners and repeated counseling by health care providers may strengthen contraceptive utilization.