Nursing Practices in the Prevention of Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications in Primary Healthcare Abroad: Review

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious global health problem that requires effective prevention strategies due to its increasing prevalence and severe complications. Outpatient nurses play a key role in the prevention of diabetes, improving patients self-care and quality of life. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of nursing practices in reducing the risk of diabetes and concomitant pathologies in primary healthcare. A systematic review of publications (2020-2025) has been conducted, revealing the main areas of nurses work, such as educational programs, screening, lifestyle modification, interdisciplinary collaboration, and digital technologies. These methods have proven effective in improving clinical performance, treatment adherence, and reducing the risk of complications. The introduction of such practices is promising for strengthening the prevention of diabetes and unloading the healthcare system.