A study on commercial cultivation and storage of water chestnut (Trapa natans L.) under wetland ecosystem of North Bihar, India

Abstract

Water chestnut is an excellent economical and medicinal winter crop from fresh water ecosystem. It is well known for its nutrient content including protein and antioxidants. Different water chestnut germplasm viz. Green Spineless, Green Spine, Red Spineless and Red Spine were studied at wetland ecosystem of North Bihar in India under Research Centre on Makhana, Darbhanga, during 2016-17. Under wetland ecosystem, Green Spineless variety of water chestnut produced large quality nut (24.42 g) followed by Red Spineless (23.11 g). Regarding yield, Green Spineless gave rise to the maximum yield of 12.24 t/ha. The Red Spineless variety exhibited the maximum TSS of 9.60 B followed by Green Spineless (9.20B). Water chestnut beetle (Galerucella birmanica Jacoby.) was dangerous pest under wet land ecosystem as compared to aphid. Green colored varieties were resistant to beetle and aphid. Different approaches had been made to enhance the shelf life of water chestnut variety Red Spineless as it was sweetest and attractive in colour among trial varieties. The results revealed that poly packaging with 5% perforation and stored in refrigerator for 40 C (T1) increased storage life up to 14.0days as compared to open ambient (T4 ) (4.72 days) maintaining fair market acceptability. This treatment (T1 ) also improved the TSS content of the fruit to 9.80 B by slow and gradual PLW about 21.15 % during two weeks of storage. From our present study it may be concluded that irrespective of color, spineless varieties of water chestnut were promising under wetland ecosystem of North Bihar on account of their yield potential and nut quality.