KARAKTERISTIK FISIOLOGI GALUR-GALUR PADI RAWA BENGKULU

Abstract

Padi merupakan sumber karbohidrat utama di Indonesia, produksi padi menurun setiap tahunnya dikarenakan alih fungsi lahan dari lahan pertanian menjadi lahan non pertanian. Sehingga perlukan pemanfaatan lahan sub-optimal yaitu lahan rawa. Selain itu diperlukan infomasi fisiologi dari 10 galur padi rawa tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan karakteristik fisiologi 10 galur hasil persilangan padi rawa lokal Bengkulu generasi ke 11. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok lengkap faktor tunggal terdiri dari 10 galur perlakuan padi rawa lokal Bengkulu yaitu UBPR 1, UBPR 2, UBPR 3, UBPR 4, UBPR 6, UBPR 7, UBPR 8, UBPR 9, UBPR 10 dan UBPR 11. Analisis data menggunakan analisis varian taraf 5% dengan uji lanjut Scott Knott. Variabel penelitian terdiri dari bobot daun spesifik, laju asimilasi bersih, laju pertumbuhan tanaman, laju pertumbuhan nisbi/relatif, indeks luas daun, biomassa tanaman, serapan hara NPK. Hasil penlitian terhadap 10 galur hasil persilangan padi rawa lokal Bengkulu menunjukkan bahwa bobot daun spesifik minggu ke 3 dan 4, laju asimilasi bersih minggu ke 2 dan 6, laju pertumbuhan tanaman minggu ke 3, 4 dan 5, laju pertumbuhan nisbi/relatif minggu ke 3, indeks luas daun minggu ke 5 dan 6, biomassa tanaman dan serapan hara N menunjukkan hasil yang beragam. Galur UBPR 4, UBPR 7, UBPR 9 dan UBPR 11 memiliki nilai yang terbaik dibandingkan UBPR lainnya.Rice is the main source of carbohydrates in Indonesia, rice production decreases every year due to land conversion from agricultural land to non-agricultural land. So it is necessary to utilize sub-optimal land, namely swamp land. In addition, physiological information is needed from 10 strains of swamp rice. This study aims to determine the physiological characteristics of 10 strains of local Bengkulu swamp rice crosses of the 11th generation. This study used a single-factor complete group randomized design consisting of 10 strains of local Bengkulu swamp rice treatments namely UBPR 1, UBPR 2, UBPR 3, UBPR 4, UBPR 6, UBPR 7, UBPR 8, UBPR 9, UBPR 10 and UBPR 11. Data analysis using analysis of variance at 5% level with further Scott Knott test. The research variables consisted of specific leaf weight, net assimilation rate, plant growth rate, relative growth rate, leaf area index, plant biomass, NPK nutrient uptake. The results of the research on 10 strains of local Bengkulu swamp ric crosses showed that the specific leaf weight in weeks 3 and 4, net assimilation rate in weeks 2 and 6, plant growth rate in weeks 3, 4 and 5, relative growth rate in week 3, leaf area index in weeks 5 and 6, plant biomass and N nutrient uptake showed mixed results. UBPR 4, UBPR 7, UBPR 9 and UBPR 11 had the best values compared to other UBPR.