IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON GROUNDWATER QUALITY AND RECHARGE IN THE TENSIFT BASIN, MOROCCO

Abstract

This study examines the impacts of climate change on groundwater quality and recharge in the Tensift Basin, focusing on the Haouz, Bahira, and Essaouira aquifers. Analysis of data collected from 2013 to 2017 reveals significant spatial and temporal variability in water quality, driven by both natural and anthropogenic factors. In the Haouz aquifer, the proportion of water classified as "Excellent" quality dropped from 7% in March 2013 to 0% by July 2017, while "Good" quality water increased from 47% to 60%. The Bahira aquifer consistently showed 45% to 64% of water samples falling under "Average" quality, with occasional increases in "Poor" quality water up to 45%. The Essaouira aquifer exhibited a consistent presence of "Average" quality water at 75%, with "Poor" quality water observed in some instances. These trends indicate a decline in water quality exacerbated by climate change effects such as increased evapotranspiration, altered precipitation patterns, and rising sea levels. The study underscores the urgent need for comprehensive groundwater management strategies, including improved monitoring, sustainable water use practices, and adaptive measures to mitigate the impacts of climate change. These efforts are crucial for ensuring safe drinking water, protecting public health, and sustaining groundwater resources in the region.