Genetic Algorithm as a Solutions Optimization of Tilt Angles for Monthly Periods of Photovoltaic Installation

Abstract

Changes in the sun's declination angle, every month for one year affect the energy received by a photovoltaic (PV). Changing the tilt angle, every month to follow changes in sun declination needs to be done so that the energy produced by PV is more optimum. Genetic algorithm (GA) was proposed in this study as the optimal PV slope solution every month of the year. GA calculates the slope angle of PV by calculating changes in sun declination, the movement of the sun from east to west, the coordinates of the location of PV installation, direct radiation and diffuse radiation. GA initializes tilt angle PV with the specified limit, then calculates to get the optimum total energy value on the inclined plane that PV can accept with the crossover, mutation and selection process. Algorithms are limited to 50 generations. The results showed that the optimization of the monthly period slope was better than the annual period. Installation with a slope angle after the monthly period optimization has increased the energy received by solar panels by 12 kWh/m2-year compared to installations with the slope of the annual period of optimization.