Recomendações para alimentação complementar de crianças menores de dois anos

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to review the current recommendations on the complementary feeding of children younger than two years of age. The keyword weaning was used to search the databases SciELO, MedLine and Lilacs for articles on the subject. Publications from the World Health Organization and the Brazilian Ministry of Health were also included. The inclusion criteria for the articles were children from 0 to 23 months of age, articles published from 2002 to 2006 and articles published in the languages Portuguese, English and Spanish. Much scientific evidence has accumulated over the last years regarding the importance of exclusive breastfeeding in the first six months, of appropriate complementary feeding and of breastfeeding until age two years or more. Appropriate complementary feeding should include foods that are rich in energy, protein and micronutrients, free from contaminations, without excess salt or spices, in adequate amounts and easy to prepare, ensuring correct consistency and energy density. The family has a decisive role in the formation of new habits, control of food intake and development of an eating behavior that may or may not be appropriate. The introduction of complementary foods is a critical stage and there are many disadvantages to the use of nonhuman milk and early and/or incorrect introduction of foods. It is the responsibility of health professionals to advise parents on the best complementary feeding practices and guide governmental actions aimed at the full growth and development of children under 2 years of age.