Nanotechnology applications in ophthalmology:An update

Abstract

Nanotechnology is a discipline that focuses on the study, processing, and application of several materials, devices, and functional systems, controlling matter at the nanoscale. Nanomedicine refers to its applications for the diagnosis, treatment, prevention and monitoring of different diseases. Topical drug dosage forms for eye conditions must travel a great distance and overcome several eye barriers to reach the posterior segment of the eye, leading to minimum levels of medication. This review focuses on the therapeutic systems for eye diseases based on nanotechnology, emphasizing the barriers that affect the administration of ocular drugs and eye diseases and nanosystems used for their management. The perspective of nanotechnology and the challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of eye diseases are summarized, to provide information and new ideas for implementing treatments and developing management systems for intractable eye diseases.