The Study of Approaches to Modeling Oxidative Stress in Male Wistar Rats: The Comparative Analysis of Diet-Induced, Chemically Induced, and Physiologically Induced Models

Abstract

Oxidative stress can be caused by bad nutrition, psychoemotional stress, or other external influences in everyday life. The aim of this study is to develop and verify biological models using male Wistar rats that allow reproducing oxidative stress in vivo, in particular: food (diet with high cholesterol and fructose content), medical (injection of CCl4), and physiological (immobilization stress). Diet with 1% cholesterol and fructose had the greatest impact on the antioxidant status of animals: a significant increase in serum malondialdehyde (by 1.8 times) and superoxide dismutase (by 2.4 times) as well as a significant decrease in the Cat gene expression by 35% were shown. The immobilization led only to a significant decrease in serum lipid peroxides by 29%. A single intraperitoneal administration of CCl4 was accompanied by a significant increase in the blood lipid peroxides (by 1.3 times) and catalase (by 1.6 times), as well as a significant decrease in the Cat mRNA by 33% and Gpx1 by 48%. The obtained data can be used to study the effectiveness of drugs, biologically active food supplements and functional nutrition in vivo.