The Moderating Role of Gender and Age in the Relationship Between School Principals' Inclusive Leadership Behaviors and Teachers' Organizational Cynicism Levels

Abstract

One of the distinct leadership styles in influencing the attitudes and behaviors of employees in organizations is inclusive leadership, which means hints at that there may be a relationship between inclusive leadership and organizational behavior. This study, which was designed with a correlational study model, aims to determine the moderating role of gender and age in the relationship between school principals' inclusive leadership behaviors and teachers' organizational cynicism levels. The study data were collected from the study population consisting of 4583 teachers. The sample consisted of 377 teachers, which were reached through the simple random sampling method. In addition, the inclusive leadership and organizational cynicism scales were used while collecting data. The results were obtained using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), Pearson's product-moment correlation, and the modulation-effect analysis. Based on this study, school principals' inclusive leadership behavior levels were high, while teachers' organizational cynicism levels were low. Again, there is a moderately negative and significant relationship between school principals' inclusive leadership behaviors and teachers' organizational cynicism. Also, this study revealed that gender and age have a moderating effect on the relationship between school principals' inclusive leadership behaviors and teachers' organizational cynicism. The influence of school principals' inclusive leadership behaviors on teachers' organizational cynicism levels was high in on female teachers and less in younger teachers.