Microbial and Metabolic Disorders in Cervical Cancer: Structural Insights, Biomarkers, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Strategies

Abstract

The development of cervical cancer is strongly associated with persistent high-risk HPV infection. Microbiota and metabolomics offer new perspectives. This article focuses on the role of microbial dysbiosis and metabolic reprogramming in the development of cervical cancer, revealing its synergistic regulation of the tumor immune microenvironment and treatment resistance. Machine learning and multi-omics have identified new biomarkers, while treatment strategies include microbiota modulation, metabolic targeting, and combination therapies. Despite limitations such as small sample size and unclear mechanisms, this review proposes a multi-target precision medicine framework. In the future, we should focus on multi-center and multi-omics research and optimized clinical trials.