TCRP: Trust-aware Clustering and Routing Protocol Based on Atom Search Optimization for WSNs

Abstract

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is one of the fast-growing technology which can be implemented in largescale applications due to their low-cost installation setup. But, the poor structural organization of the nodes present in WSN leads to various types of security threats and affects the overall performance. The ultimate goal of this paper is to provide a secured transmission of data with minimal consumption of energy. Here, a trust-aware clustering and routing protocol based on atom search optimization (TCRP) is proposed to select secured cluster heads (CHs) for largescale WSNs and ensure the data's freshness. In addition, the secured path for routing is created with node authentication, where the fitness parameter for a node is defined in terms of distance, trust, and energy. The proposed secured clustering and routing protocol based on Atom Search Optimization (ASO) provides resistance against malicious nodes on the selected routing path, with minimum energy consumption, the proposed TCRP identify an optimal path and it ensures the data integrity and confidentiality of the network. The proposed TCRP protocol is analyzed in terms of energy consumption, throughput, and packet delivery ratio. The proposed TCRP achieved better network throughput of 99% for 80 nodes which are comparatively higher than the existing services aware energy-efficient routing protocol (SQEER) with 98% and probabilistic fuzzy chain set, An authentication-based routing protocol, And a hybrid clustering algorithm PFCD-ARP-CH with (98.5%), trust-aware and energy-efficient data gathering (TEDG) with (97%) and multiobjective-trust centric reptile search algorithm with (96.25%).