Excessive sleep is associated with worse cognition, cognitive decline, and dementia in mild cognitive impairment

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: This study examines the link between daytime and nighttime excessive sleep and cognition, cognitive decline, and dementia in individuals with existing mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHODS: Using data from the Swedish longitudinal study Good Aging in Skåne, participants aged 60–102 years were retrospectively classified as MCI based on cognitive testing. The average follow-up time was 6.59 years. Mixed linear models assessed cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between excessive sleep patterns (napping ≥2 h or nighttime sleep ≥9 h) and multiple cognitive domains. Cox regressions estimated dementia risk for excessive sleep. RESULTS: Of 4930 participants, 2052 (41%) had MCI. Excessive daytime napping and nighttime sleep were associated with worse cognition and cognitive decline. Excessive napping and nighttime sleep were also linked to higher dementia risk (hazard ratios: 1.75 and 1.86, respectively). DISCUSSION: These findings suggest that excessive sleep in MCI is associated with further cognitive decline and dementia. Highlights: Excessive daytime napping and nighttime sleep are linked cognitive decline for those with MCI. Excessive sleep during the day or at night heighten dementia risk. Worse test scores across multiple cognitive domains were observed for excessive daytime nappers. Excessive sleep in MCI may be a warning sign for further cognitive decline.