Hypothyroidism in Childhood and Adolescence

Abstract

Juvenile hypothyroidism is an unfrequent form of hypothyroidism that affects children. If not di-agnosed and treated properly, it may cause severe neurological disorders during growth. The most frequent difficulties are found in school performance, difficulties in concentration, hyperac-tivity or fatigue and damage on the onset of puberty. Starting levothyroxine as a drug of choice is essential, and it should be made according to the age and weight of the child. Laboratory tests for control should be requested periodically, along with a strict control of the child's development and growth. The family-doctor relationship, along with a clear guidance on the importance of treat-ment, is critical to achieve a successful treatment. This article is a review about the main clinical features of hypothyroidism in childhood, especially in developing countries, providing key aspects of adherence and characteristics of its follow-up.