Safety, Effectiveness, and Treatment Persistence of Subcutaneous Vedolizumab in IBD: A Multicenter Study from the United Kingdom

Abstract

Background and Aims: Despite intravenous (IV) vedolizumab being established for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the novel subcutaneous (SC) route of administration may provide numerous incentives to switch. However, large-scale real-world data regarding the long-term safety and effectiveness of this strategy are lacking. Methods: IBD patients on IV vedolizumab across 11 UK sites agreed to transition to SC injections or otherwise continued IV treatment. Data regarding clinical disease activity (Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index, partial Mayo score, and modified Harvey-Bradshaw Index), biochemical markers (C-reactive protein and calprotectin), quality of life (IBD control), adverse events, treatment persistence, and disease-related outcomes (namely corticosteroid use, IBD-related hospitalization, and IBD-related surgery) were retrospectively collected from prospectively maintained clinical records at baseline and weeks 8, 24, and 52. Results: Data from 563 patients (187 [33.2%] Crohn's disease, 376 [66.8%] ulcerative colitis; 410 [72.8%] SC, 153 [27.2%] IV) demonstrated no differences in disease activity, remission rates, and quality of life between the SC and IV groups at all time points. Drug persistence at week 52 was similar (81.1% vs 81.2%; P=.98), as were rates of treatment alteration due to either active disease (12.2% vs 8.9%; P=.38) or adverse events (3.3% vs 6.3%; P=.41). At week 52, there were equivalent rates of adverse events (9.8% vs 7.8%; P=.572) and disease-related outcomes. IBD control scores were equivalent in both IV-IV and IV-SC groups. Conclusions: Switching to SC vedolizumab appears as effective, safe, and well tolerated as continued IV treatment and maintains comparable disease control and quality of life as IV treatment at 52 weeks.