Recent Advances in the Remediation of Degraded and Contaminated Soils: A Review of Sustainable and Applied Strategies

Abstract

This review explores the pressing issue of soil degradation and contamination, highlighting their adverse environmental effects and the necessity for sustainable solutions. Soil degradation disrupts ecosystems and accelerates climate change, while soil contamination poses serious health risks to humans and wildlife. Recent advances in mitigation strategies demonstrate promising solutions, focusing on both degradation and contamination. This paper presents innovative methods, including the utilization of a dolomite–sewage sludge mixture to combat soil degradation effectively, enhancing soil fertility and supporting ecosystem restoration. Additionally, it introduces a novel approach using a dolomite–stainless steel slag mixture for petroleum hydrocarbon absorption, showcasing its efficacy in remediating contaminated sites. The results indicate significant improvements in soil health and a reduction in environmental pollutants, underscoring the potential of these mixtures to revolutionize soil management practices. Implementing such strategies not only mitigates degradation and contamination but also contributes to the sustainability of agricultural and natural ecosystems. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of these advancements, offering insights for researchers, policymakers, and environmental practitioners striving to foster a healthier and more sustainable environment.