In vitro study of an ethanolic extract of coffea leaves to inhibit freshwater pathogenic bacteria

Abstract

Bacteria are a disease agent that can cause a loss in cultivation. The use of antibiotics as bacterial disease control is still an option, although it has adverse side effects on fish and on the environment. Therefore an alternative antibacterial agent is needed that is safe and environmentally friendly. Coffea leaves contain flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and phenolic compounds that are considered to have antibacterial activity and thus, properties. The aim of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of the ethanolic extracts of coffea leaves against Edwardsiella tarda, Aeromonas hidrophylla, and Streptococcus agalactiae. The ethanolic extract of coffee leaves was obtained using the maceration method and the antibacterial activity test was performed using the disc diffusion method. The result showed that the ability of this extract to inhibit the growth of all bacteria increased with the increasing concentration. The best performance of the ethanolic extract of coffee leaves was where it was shown to inhibit Aeromonas hydrophylla.