Comparison of Power Consumption Efficiency of CVT and Multi-Speed Transmissions for Electric Vehicle

Abstract

Due to the low energy density of electrochemical battery in Electric Vehicles (EVs), the driving range per charge has been limited. However, the widely adopted single reduction gear in EVs typically do not achieve the diverse range of functional needs. Consequently, multi-speed EV powertrains have been compared and investigated for these applications. Through the optimizing of gear ratios, a more diverse range of functional needs can be realized without increasing the practical size of the electric motor. This paper studies the performance improvements realized through utilization of 2-4 speeds and continuously variable transmission. Results demonstrate that there can be significant benefits attained for both small and large passenger vehicles.