Recent Advances of In Vitro Embryogenesis of Monocotyledon and Dicotyledon

Abstract

Plant tissue and cell culture is a rapid way of achieving plant breeding through the protoplast fusion and regeneration novel hybrid, the production of large numbers of identical individuals and disease and/or pest resistant varieties, thus indirectly increasing the crop yield. Particularly for some plant species, they cannot be improved by conventional breeding because of poor seed germination, frequency of seedling death, or/and environmental challenges such as habitat destruction and illegal and indiscriminate collection. Based on the plasticity and totipotency of plants, plant tissue and cell culture techniques offer a viable tool for mass multiplication and germplasm conservation of some plants, especially those rare and endangered medicinal plants while at the same time facilitating pharmaceutical and other commercial needs (Sahoo & Chand, 1998; Anis & Faisal, 2005). Owing to these useful applications, plant tissue culture technology has now become a remarkably important, useful tool in experimental studies.