Total phenolic content, FTIR analysis, and antiproliferative evaluation of lupin seeds harvest from western Romania

Abstract

Introduction. Lupinus spp. are herbaceous perennial flowering plants included in the Fabaceae family. Among the approximately 200 species belonging to this genre, Lupinus albus L., also known as white lupin, Lupinus angustifolius L., and narrow-leafed lupin or blue lupin, represent two of the most studied species due to their intense culinary use and potential biological activity. The intention of the study was to characterize total phenolic content, perform FTIR analysis, and antiproliferative effects against A375 human melanoma cells extracts obtained from germinated and ungerminated seeds from Lupinus albus L. and Lupinus angustifolius L. Materials and method. Total phenolic content was assessed using the Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method. FTIR spectra were carried out by a Shimadzu Prestige-21 spectrometer in the range 400–4000 cm-1, using KBr pellets and resolution of 4 cm-1. Antiproliferative capacity was screened by employing the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and scratch assay methods. Results. The study showed increased values corresponding to total phenolic content for the germinated extracts. FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of genistein and main cinnamic acids derivatives (ferulic, caffeic, rosmarinic, and coumaric acids). All tested extracts showed weak antiproliferative potential against A375 human melanoma cells. Conclusions. Germination increased the amount of bioactive compounds in the seeds of the two studied species of lupin. FTIR analyses provided an important fingerprint of the chemical composition.