Drug discovery processes to drug targeting mechanisms

Abstract

Drug discovery in different time frames provides a reflection in the struggle of scientists to generate synthetic products from a natural source. The complex processes exist in the development of the new drug from novel ideas. The duration may vary 10-15 year with estimation cost of $1.5 billion. The stratification of different assays involved in development phase leads to the acceptability of drug molecule. In the discovery phase, implementation of powerful techniques such as combinatorial chemistry and molecular modeling has also participated in the identification of drug target molecules. The advancement in molecular biology especially genomic science has also imparted a profound role in the discovery phase. However, with bioinformatics branch, it allows us to derive more suitable points for attacking the drug molecule in different disease conditions. However, the review will describe the preclinical stages, identification and validation of target through HTS (high throughput screening assay) and finally approval of drug molecule for further clinical development.