Rol de la resección paliativa en cáncer colorrectal estadio iv: Análisis de 177 pacientes

Abstract

Background: There is debate about the value of palliative excision of the primary tumor among patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma. Aim: To assess the benefits of palliative excision, analyzing colon and rectal carcinomas separately. Material and Methods: Analysis of 86 patients with colon cancer aged 66 ± 14 years and 81 patients with rectal cancer aged 60 ± 16 years, in stage IV. Demographic and pathological variables were studied along with length of hospitalization, incidence of complications and actuarial survival. Results: No differences were observed in American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification, tumor size, proportion of undifferentiated or T3/T4 tumors and preoperative carcinoembrionic antigen. There was a predominance of locally advanced rectal tumors. In 44% of patients, a palliative excision was performed. No differences in rate of complications or operative mortality were observed between patients with colon or rectal tumors. Mean survival among patients with colon cancer subjected to palliative procedures was 15.2 ± 13.2 months compared with a survival of 4.4 ± 3.7 months of non operated patients (p < 0.01). The figures for patients with rectal cancer were 20.5 ± 19.6 and 5.1 ± 3.5 months, respectively (p < 0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that palliative excision was a significant predictor of survival. Conclusions: In this series of patients, palliative excision of colon and rectal tumors was associated with a significantly better survival and with acceptable rates of complications.