Modern methods of sarcopenia diagnostics

Abstract

Sarcopenia is the loss of muscle strength and mass due to the natural ageing process of the body (primary) or a combination of sarcopenia with various diseases (secondary). Despite its clinical significance, sarcopenia often remains unrecognised and aggravates the course of comorbid diseases. The review presents analysis of scientific literature on sarcopenia diagnostic methods. Literatures from the E-Library.ru and PubMed databases published within the period of 1998-2021 were used. The search was performed using the “sarcopenia” and “methods for diagnosing sarcopenia” keywords. Patients with sarcopenia have similar symptoms with cachexia, fatty infiltration and inflammatory lesions of muscle tissue, which complicates differential diagnosis of this disease. The screening methods for sarcopenia diagnosis include MSRA-7, MARS-5 questionnaires, Shinya Ishii method, SARC-F. The diagnosis of sarcopenia is established based on instrumental methods (bioelectrical impedance analysis, computer and magnetic resonance imaging, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry).