Childhood cataract in Indian subcontinent: Challenges and strategies

Abstract

Cataracts in children are one of the leading causes of visual impairment and if not treated timely have an impact on the neurobiological development of the child, leading to amblyopia. Cataracts in children are either congenital, developmental, or traumatic. A comprehensive ocular, systemic examination, age of onset, morphology, and laterality of cataracts are essential factors to be considered during management. Innovations, technology, and expert surgical techniques have made surgery uneventful with good visual outcomes. In this article, we summarize the current situation, barriers, challenges, and recommendations for the management of congenital cataracts in India. Strategies for managing congenital cataracts must be adapted and developed according to regional conditions. A basic framework for acceptable outcomes must focus on developing systems to address the critical components of education, access, quality care, and good follow-up.