Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis and Hyalinosis in a Patient with Spondyloarthritis: A Rare Renal Involvement Case Report

Abstract

Background: During its course, spondyloarthritis (SpA) may be associated with extra-articular mani-festations affecting several organs. Renal involvement is one of the most common extra-articular man-ifestations and is dominated by secondary amyloidosis (AA), immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy, and urolithiasis. Other nephropathies such as Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and hyalinosis (FSGS) are less common and are limited to few case reports. Case: We report the case of a patient followed for axial SpA, who consulted, after being lost to follow-up for 3 years, for elevated blood pressure and edema of both lower limbs associated with an hydrocele and bilateral pleural effusion. Biological exam-inations showed hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, and proteinuria. In this context of nephrotic syn-drome, the diagnosis of FSGS was confirmed by renal biopsy. Furthermore, the etiological investigation ruled out the causes of secondary FSGS. Conclusion: Renal involvement is a sign of severity in SpA. Its detection and management should be part of the overall management of SpA.