Digitalisierung im Gefängnis: Eine multiperspektivische Betrachtung der Ausweitung des Zugangs zu digitalen Geräten für Inhaftierte im österreichischen Straf- und Maßnahmenvollzug

Abstract

In many countries, prisoners already have access to digital devices. Research on digital rehabilitation highlights the opportunities it presents for prisoner rehabilitation and the enhancement of prison conditions. With these findings in mind, prisoners in Austria are to be given extended access to digital technologies in the future. In preparation of a pilot project, 39 current and former inmates were interviewed, over 600 prison staff members participated in an online survey, and 15 experts were consulted regarding the potential and the risks of digitilization. This article presents the research findings and argues for the adoption of a multi-perspective approach that considers varying interests and viewpoints when contemplating digital transformation within prison systems. The surveys indicate significant consensus in some areas regarding the benefits and drawbacks of digital tools in prisons. However, the staff survey results emphasize the prison staff's awareness of the security risks associated with digitilization. This article therefore subsequently analyzes the conditions for a meaningful and widely accepted expansion of prisoners' access to digital devices. In this context, the intention of improving rehabilitative opportunities should not be used as a mere justification for the implementation of digital technologies that primarily serve other purposes, such as surveillance and control. While addressing staff concerns is essential, it should not result in a permanent denial of prisoners' access to the tools and skills of today's society.