Studies on the effect of temperature variation on chromosomal changes in buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench)

Abstract

Aim Climatic fluctuations consequent into various kinds of environmental stresses. Among these, temperature stress is a major concerning factor with respect to plants. The aim of the present investigation was to study the effect of temperature stress on plant mitosis for different durations in the root meristems of Fagopyrum esculentum (buckwheat). Buckwheat is a sensitive plant with response to temperature stress. Methodology Exposure of cold and heat stress was given for 3, 5 and 7 hrs to the root meristems of Fagopyrum esculentum, and theireffects were studied atcytological level along with various aspects. Results Active mitotic index and chromosomal abnormalities were calculated that showed inverse relationship to each other. Different types of abnormalities were observed comprising scattering, c-mitosis, precocious movement, stickiness, unorientation, laggard formation, bridge formation etc., alongwith in creasing duration of temperature. Interpretation After calculating active mitotic index (AMI %) and abnormality percentages, it was concluded that heat stress was more effective as it showed various chromosomal anomalies in the root meristems of Fagopyrum esculentum ascompared to cold stress.