UJI AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK BIJI KOPI ROBUSTA (Coffea canephora) dan daun kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Propionibacterium acnes

Abstract

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aktivitas ekstrak biji kopi robusta (Coffea canephora) dan daun kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Propionibacterium acnes, serta mengidentifikasi kandungan senyawa aktif dan menentukan konsentrasi kombinasi yang paling efektif. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksperimental laboratorium. Ekstrasi dilakukan menggunakan metode maserasi dengan etanol 96%, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan skrining fitokimia  terhadap senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, dan saponin. Aktivitas antibakteri dengan metode difusi cakram dengan konsentrasi kombinasi, yaitu 25%:75%, 50%:50%, dan 75%:25%. Zona hambat yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan uji One Way Anova. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kedua ekstrak mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder Kombinasi ekstrak biji kopi robusta daun kersen konsentrasi 25% : 75% menghasilkan diameter zona hambat terbesar (4,53±1,71 mm), diikuti oleh konsentrasi 75% : 25% (4,28±2,51 mm) dan 50% : 50% (3,83±1,24 mm), ketiganya tergolong dalam kategori hambat lemah (<5 mm). Analisis statistik menunjukkan data berdistribusi normal dan homogen, namun tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antar kelompok perlakuan (p > 0,05).  This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of robusta coffee bean (Coffea canephora) and cherry leaf (Muntingia calabura L.) extracts against Propionibacterium acnes, as well as to identify their active phytochemical constituents and determine the most effective combination ratio. The research was conducted experimentally in a laboratory setting. Extraction was performed using the maceration technique with 96% ethanol as the solvent, followed by phytochemical screening for alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. The antibacterial activity was assessed using the disk diffusion method with various extract combination ratios of 25%:75%, 50%:50%, and 75%:25%. The inhibition zone diameters were statistically analyzed using a One- Way ANOVA test. The results revealed that both extracts contained secondary metabolites. The combination of robusta coffee bean and cherry leaf extracts at a 25%:75% ratio produced the largest inhibition zone (4.53 ± 1.71 mm), followed by 75%:25% (4.28 ± 2.51 mm) and 50%:50% (3.83 ± 1.24 mm). All were categorized as weak inhibition (<5 mm). Statistical analysis indicated that the data were normally distributed and homogeneous; however, no significant difference was observed among the treatment groups (p > 0.05).