Systematic review and meta-analysis of antibiotic prophylaxis in abdominal hysterectomy

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to assess the available evidence regarding antibiotic prophylaxis taking the case of abdominal hysterectomy, as an aid to decisions related to coverage and to the development of evidence-based clinical guidelines. Using a previously elaborated protocol, the pertinence and quality of double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials were examined. Clinical heterogeneity among studies was also analyzed. The studies were found to be homogeneous, considering p > 0.10 as the significance level for rejecting heterogeneity. Combination of the 16 selected studies resulted in a summary rate ratio of 0.49 (95%CI: 0.41-0.59), i.e., efficacy of 51%, and in a summary rate difference of 11% (95%CI: 8-14), utilizing the fixed effects model. Results according to the random effects model were very similar. Exploratory analysis of subgroups of single versus multiple doses did not indicate more benefit for multiple dose interventions. Evidence from comparative trials is insufficient to consider third-generation cephalosporins more efficacious than first-generation ones.