Clinical implications of exosomes: Targeted drug delivery for cancer treatment

Abstract

Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles generated by cells for intercellular communication. Due to their composition, significant research has been conducted to transform these particles into specific delivery systems for various disease states. In this review, we discuss the common isolation and loading methods of exosomes, some of the major roles of exosomes in the tumor microenviron-ment, as well as discuss recent applications of exosomes as drug delivery vessels and the resulting clinical implications.