In vitro regeneration of two grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) varieties from leaf explants

Abstract

The traditional way of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) propagation is time consuming and allows disease transmission from generation to generation. Moreover, it is difficult to improve this crop through conventional plant breeding methods. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop efficient in vitro regeneration protocol for ‘Canonannon’ and ‘Chenin Blanc’ varieties of grapevine using leaf explants. MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of thidiazuron (TDZ) alone or in combination with α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), and 6-benzyl aminopurine (BAP) alone or in combination with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) were used for regeneration of shoots from leaves. The regenerated shoots were transferred to shoot multiplication medium and subsequently to rooting medium and the plantlets were acclimatized after rooting. The rooting medium consisted of MS medium containing different concentrations of IBA or indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The highest number of shoots per leaf explant was obtained from both ‘Chenin Blanc’ (2.3 ± 0.3) and ‘Canonannon’ (2.2 ± 0.2) on medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L BAP. Among 16 different combinations of TDZ and NAA, the maximum number of shoots per explant (1.5 ± 0.2) was obtained from ‘Canonannon’ on medium containing 1.0 mg/L TDZ and 0.1 mg/L NAA. However, when these shoots were transferred to shoot multiplication medium, 10 ± 0.51 shoots per explant were obtained from ‘Chenin blanc’ on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L BAP. The highest number of roots per explant (8.3 ± 0.30) was obtained on medium containing 2.0 mg/L IBA. The survival rate of ‘Chenin Blanc’ and ‘Canonannon’ was 83.3 and 75 %, respectively after one month of acclimatization.   Key words:  Callus induction, growth regulators, hyperhydricity, organogenesis.