Prevalência e correlatos de doença vascular no exame de ultrassom em pacientes em hemodiálise

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Patients on hemodialysis present an increased risk of cardiovascular death. Intimal media thickness (IMT) and presence of arterial calcifications are well-known risk factors for cardiovascular death in hemodialysis patients. OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of IMT and arterial calcifications in HD patients and to correlate image findings with clinical and laboratory data. METHODS: Cross-sectional study involving 75 patients on dialysis for {{}{>}{}}12 months. Patients underwent B-mode ultrasound scan (US) for determination of IMT of the distal third of the common carotid arteries. Arterial calcifications were assessed by US of carotids, femoral and tibial arteries, and labeled positive if calcification was found in any arterial site. RESULTS: Patients were 52±13 years old, 57{{}{%}{}} were males and 16{{}{%}{}} were diabetics. IMT {{}{>}{}} 0.9 mm was found in 57{{}{%}{}} of cases and arterial calcifications at US in 48{{}{%}{}}. Aging (decades) and smoking were associated with both increased IMT (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.4, p {{}{