Pathway to Medicine and Health Programs Revisited: Outcomes and Institutional Adaptations in Greater Philadelphia and Beyond

Abstract

This scoping literature review examines the outcomes and institutional adaptations of pathway programs designed to increase diversity in medical and allied health professions. These programs address systemic barriers faced by students from underrepresented (UR) backgrounds through a targeted focus on improving their academic performance and preparedness for healthcare careers. Utilizing a scoping approach, peer-reviewed publications from 2014 to March 2024 were analyzed, focusing on pathway programs within the United States. Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, no formal quality appraisal was conducted. The review highlights the geographical distribution of these programs, particularly in the Greater Philadelphia area, and evaluates their success rates and key components, such as mentorship, academic support, and clinical exposure. Key thematic findings include the importance of sustained mentorship, financial and emotional support, early exposure to health careers, and comprehensive academic preparation. The study also discusses the recent implications of the Supreme Court rulings on race-conscious admissions and the resulting institutional strategies to maintain diversity within legal constraints. By providing a comprehensive overview of the literature, this review aims to inform the development and implementation of pathway programs that can improve diversity in the healthcare workforce.