Melatonin supplementation and oxidative DNA damage repair capacity among night shift workers: A randomised placebo-controlled trial

Abstract

Objectives A decreased ability to repair oxidative DNA damage, due to melatonin suppression, is a compelling mechanism by which night shift workers are at an increased risk of cancer. We sought to determine if melatonin supplementation would improve oxidative DNA damage repair among night shift workers. Methods We conducted a parallel-arm randomised placebo-controlled trial of melatonin supplementation among 40 night shift workers. Supplements were consumed before engaging in day sleep over a 4-week period. All urine excreted during a representative day sleep and night work period before and during the intervention period was collected for measurement of creatinine-adjusted 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) as an indicator of oxidative DNA damage repair capacity, with higher concentrations indicating better repair. Linear regression models were used to analyse the association between ln-transformed 8-OH-dG concentration and intervention status during day sleep and night work. Results The melatonin intervention was associated with a borderline statistically significant 1.8-fold increase in urinary 8-OH-dG excretion during day sleep (95% CI 1.0, 3.2, p=0.06). No statistically significant difference in 8-OH-dG excretion was observed during the subsequent night shift (melatonin vs placebo excretion ratio=0.9; 95% CI 0.6, 1.5; p=0.7). Conclusions Our results suggest that melatonin supplementation improves oxidative DNA damage repair capacity among night shift workers. Future larger-scale trials are needed to evaluate the impact of varying doses of melatonin supplements and examine the impacts of longer-term use of melatonin supplements by night shift workers.