Adiponectin and hypertension

Abstract

Adipose tissue secretes a variety of bioactive molecules, also known as adipocytokines or adipokines. Obesity, in particular, visceral fat accumulation, is implicated in the dysregulated secretion of adipocytokines, which can contribute to the development of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. Adiponectin is an adipocytokine that is exclusively secreted from adipose tissue, but its plasma levels are reduced in obese subjects, especially those with visceral fat accumulation. Adiponectin has a variety of protective properties against obesity-linked complications, such as hypertension, metabolic dysfunction, atherosclerosis, and ischemic heart disease. Adiponectin exerts the beneficial effects on vascular disorders by directly affecting components of vascular tissue. This review will discuss clinical and experimental findings that examine the role of adiponectin in regulation of hypertension and vascular function. © 2011 American Journal of Hypertension, Ltd.