Recent developments in the management of advanced prostate cancer

Abstract

Numerous new options are available for the treatment of prostate cancer when it progresses beyond localized disease. Older drugs, first developed for treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), are being used to treat nonmetastatic disease based on results of large randomized controlled trials. Sequencing of available treatment options is challenging for CRPC, but there is some guidance from trial data. Cross-resistance among newer hormonal drugs is a concern, and therefore switching to another class of drug is preferred. Emerging treatments on the horizon, such as PARP inhibitors in patients with BRCA2 mutations and lutetium-177 in those with prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)–positive disease, may look promising to improve outcomes among those with advanced prostate cancer.