Experimental analysis and numerical simulation of biomass pyrolysis

Abstract

Finding alternatives to fossil fuels is extremely important for economic and environmental considerations. Biomass pyrolysis stands out as an efficient method for generating fuels and chemical intermediates. This study explored the influence of wood particle size (ranging from 1 to 3 cm) and pyrolysis temperature (ranging from about 300 to 480 °C) on the process. Characterization of wood residues utilized energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) to comprehend surface morphology and resultant biochar structure. Results revealed a significant temperature-dependent impact on pyrolysis product concentrations. Biomass composition analysis indicates lignin, hemicellulose, extractive contents, and cellulose percentages at 11.23%, 39%, 2.15%, and 47.62% mass/mass, respectively. Reduction in particle size to less than 2 mm enhances heat transfer, elevating overall bio-oil production. Major bio-oil components comprise phenolics, acids, alcohols, aldehydes, and ketones. Optimal conditions are identified at a wood particle size of 1 cm and a heating temperature of 480 °C. For every 1.0 kg of wood biomass residues, bio-oil, syngas, and biochar yields are 0.38 kg, 0.22 kg, and 0.4 kg, respectively. Notably, the agreement between Aspen Plus simulation and experimental findings underscored the robustness of the study.