Analysis of Tools for Diagnosing Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Indian Context

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition with varied manifestations and poses a diagnostic challenge. The prevalence of ASD has increased in a highly populated and demographically 'young' country like India. However, prevalence rates are varied due to differences in measurement methods. Moreover, caregivers tend to delay reporting for developmental concerns as compared to physical health problems. The current analysis focuses on two common diagnostic tools used in India for ASD i.e. the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and the Indian Scale for Assessment of Autism; and compares these tools with the revised Autism Diagnostic Interview. The analysis describes strengths and limitations of each of these tools and provides recommendations for their use in outpatient clinical practice.