Cost Analysis of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients in Indonesia

Abstract

Objective: The cost of treating chronic kidney disease requires large funds. Chronic kidney disease financing ranks 2nd in BPJS as the highest financing. All cost components in the treatment of chronic kidney disease are considered high, so adjustments and efficiency are needed. This study aims to perform a cost analysis in chronic kidney patients. In this article, we will discuss the cost components in treatment and see whether there are differences in the cost of treatment in each hospital. Methods: The study used a cross-sectional design with a hospital perspective and was conducted in 6 hospitals selected based on class in different regions: Sardjito Central General Hospital (class A), Yogyakarta Regional General Hospital (class B) and PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital (private class) represent hospitals in regional 1. Meanwhile, Makassar Central General Hospital (class A), Labuang Hospital Baji (class B) and Faisal Islamic Hospital (private class) represent hospitals in regional 3. The study lasted for 14 months from October 2019-December 2020. The total sample involved in this study was 582 samples. The cost components analyzed include hemodialysis costs, serious procedures and operations, services, radiology, laboratories, blood transfusions, drugs, medical devices, hospitalization and supplies. Results: Chronic kidney patient profile data, calculations and cost components are presented descriptively. The Mann–Whitney test was used to see whether there were differences in costs between hospitals in each region. The results showed that the total cost of treating chronic kidney disease was higher in class A hospitals compared to class B and private class hospitals. Conclusion: The highest cost component is the cost of hemodialysis, followed by severe procedures and services. The highest total cost of hemodialysis reached Rp. Rp.840,132,546, heavy action Rp. 423,156,000 and services Rp. 792,155,000. The results of statistical tests showed that there were differences in the cost of treating chronic kidney disease in hospitals in regional 1 and regional 3 (p < 0.05).