Anticancer activity of nanoemulsion formulation of rodent tuber mutant extract (Typhonium flagelliforme) on human breast cancer cell line

Abstract

Rodent tuber (Typhonium flagelliforme) as an herbal medicine has a play role to against cancer disease. This study aims to identify the bioactive compounds and to evaluate the anticancer activity on MCF-7 cancer cells of rodent tuber mutant plant (KB 6-1-2) extract and nanoemulsion formula in vitro. Nanoemulsion of rodent tuber mutant plant was developed with a 750 rpm homogenization technique for 30 min. The nanoemulsion were formulated with various surfactants and concentrations i.e. tween 80 (0.1%, 0.5%) and glycerol (0%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%). The best characteristic formula result was shown as F22, which has a particle size of 30.12 nm, polydispersity index of 0.51, and zeta potential of-16.20 mV. The results of the anticancer activity test have an IC50 value of rodent tuber mutant plant extract was 2.35 μg mL-1, and the F22 has an IC50 value of 1.89 μg mL-1 against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The GC-MS analysis was showing that the extract and F22 have an anticancer compound as hexadecanoic acid (22.8%) and n-hexadecanoic acid (1.68%), respectively. The results revealed that nanoemulsion F22 is more effective at inhibiting the growth of MCF-7 cancer cells than the extract only. F22 can be used as a candidate formula for application to functional drinks.