Dynamic interaction between tidal current and upstream discharge at the Kapuas River mouth

Abstract

This paper explores the dynamic interaction between tidal current and upstream discharge at the Kapuas River mouth. Long term time series data of tidal current and river discharge obtained from software Windwave 05 and hydrograph data, respectively. Three prominent parameters, i.e., river discharge, tides, and tidal current were analyzed using the wavelet method, Hilbert function, and low pass filter to evaluate the tidal characteristics and phase difference of M2, M4, K1, O1. The relationship between the tidal current and water level shows a mimic standing wave with the phase difference around ∼ -180 - 900, indicating the tidal current leads the water level. The low-pass filter results indicate that the increasing river discharge hampers the tides and reduces the tidal current at the mouth. The Hilbert function result reveals the asymmetric tide and flood dominant flow which has the opposite direction with the seaward direction of the current. Moreover, the subtidal water level flows in a seaward direction. This happened because the net seaward current modulated by the river discharge. The currents at the mouth are affected significantly by the swell wave.