Prevention and Management Strategies of Pre-Diabetes

Abstract

Pre-diabetes is a metabolic condition that is visible before the development of diabetes mellitus (DM). It is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels greater than normal, but is not too high to the diagnostic criteria for diabetes. It is developed when the pancreatic β-cells are no longer able to supply sufficient insulin for the maintaining normoglycemia. It is highly prevalent, especially in older age groups and obese individuals. It is diagnosed through the impaired fasting glucose (IFG), which is between 100-125mg/dl (5.6 to 6.1mmol/l), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), which is between 140-199mg/dl (7.8 to 11.0mmol/l), and elevated glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), which is between 5.7-6.4%. Healthy lifestyle, sustainable dietary approaches, physical activity, briskly regular aerobic exercise, weight loss, and psychological support with pharmacotherapy can manage the pre-diabetes. In this study an attempt has been taken to discuss aspects of pre-diabetes with prevention and management strategies.