Advancing Citrus Breeding: Next- Genereation Tools for Resistance, Flavor and Health

Abstract

New plant breeding techniques are revolutionizing citrus improvement by accelerating trait enhancement and genetic gains. In recent years, technological advances have enabled more precise and accelerated breeding. This review discusses the state-of-the-art breeding technologies for citrus, including marker-assisted selection, genomic selection, genome editing (particularly CRISPR/Cas), somatic hybridization, mutation breeding, and speed breeding. Emphasis is placed on their practical application, current limitations, and potential integration into citrus-improvement programs to address biotic and abiotic stresses, improve fruit quality, and promote sustainable production.