Electrochemiluminescence of a Vinyl-Functionalized Ruthenium Complex and Its Monolayer Formed through the Photoinduced Thiol-Ene Click Reaction

Abstract

Vinyl-functionalized bipyridine ruthenium complex, bis(2,2′-bipyridine)(4,4′-di(4-vinylphenyl)-2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) hexaflurophosphate [Ru(bpy)2(dvbpy)](PF6)2, was synthesized and the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) generated in the presence of co-reactant, namely tri-n-propylamine (TPrA), was investigated by using an ECL spooling technique. This complex was then covalently attached to the indium tin oxide electrode surface through photoinduced thiol-ene click chemistry to prepare a solid-state ECL sensor. The covalently immobilized [Ru(bpy)2(dvbpy)]2+ monolayer film exhibited excellent stability toward ECL generation. The analytical sensitivity of the solid-state ECL sensor was evaluated through the detection of TPrA in the aqueous solution. A low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.25 μM and a wide linear range (ca. 10−7–10−4 M) were obtained, indicating its potential usefulness in chemical and biochemical analysis.